The Pony Express Trail, and the road that borrowed its name.

Yes. The National Pony Express Association records the Cedar Valley segment of the 1860 route as running from the Point of the Mountain across this valley to Fairfield, with two stations inside that segment, and the ground it crossed is now inside Eagle Mountain's city limits. The service itself was short: riders carried mail from April 1860 until October 1861, when the transcontinental telegraph made the relay obsolete. The route as a whole is designated a National Historic Trail.

About fifty feet from the corner of Sandpiper Road and Pony Express Parkway, marking the site of the station known as Joe's Dugout. It was the fifty first monument raised along the national route. Alongside it a dry well is protected by a split rail fence and carries a plaque describing what stood here. There is no visitor centre, no car park and no opening hours: it is a marker standing in a residential street, and a visit takes about four minutes and costs nothing.

No, and this is the most common misunderstanding about the city. Pony Express Parkway is Eagle Mountain's main arterial, built with the city from the late 1990s onward, and it carries the name because the historic route crossed this valley rather than because it traces the alignment. The historic corridor is a line across what was open ground, most of it now under houses, roads and farmland. The surviving drivable route is the Bureau of Land Management byway that leaves State Route 73 near Fairfield.

A small station on the Cedar Valley segment run by Joseph Dorton, who kept a store alongside the express and stage operation whose customers were mostly soldiers moving to and from the army post at Fairfield. He built a two room brick house and a log barn on the site. There was no usable water here, so it was hauled over the range from Utah Lake and sold at twenty five cents a bucket. The dugout itself was a shelter cut into the ground for a young Native American boy who worked there, and its exact location is not known.

About a hundred and thirty three miles, from where it leaves State Route 73 near Fairfield west to Ibapah at the Nevada line. The pavement lasts roughly five miles and everything after that is graded gravel and dirt, running past Faust, over Lookout Pass, out to Simpson Springs and on past Fish Springs National Wildlife Refuge. The Bureau of Land Management recommends a high clearance vehicle. There is a byway information site about 1.8 miles west of Faust Junction and no other facility on the route.

Yes, at Simpson Springs, which is the only developed campground on the route. The Bureau of Land Management runs twenty sites there, open year round, at fifteen dollars a night, with vault toilets and seasonally available potable water. It is roughly a day's driving out from Cedar Valley on the byway itself. Fees and availability change, so confirm with the agency before relying on either. There is no fuel, no shop and no reliable mobile coverage anywhere between the start of the gravel and the campground.

Every June, run by the National Pony Express Association, with riders relaying mail along the historic route and passing through Eagle Mountain on the way across the state. The direction alternates from year to year and the schedule is set annually, which means the association's own published timetable for that year is the only reliable source for a date and a time at any given point on the route. It is an event rather than a facility, and it is the one occasion when the corridor across this valley becomes visible.

Eighteen months. The first riders went out in April 1860 and the service ended in October 1861, when the transcontinental telegraph was completed and made a horse relay pointless overnight. That short life is the thing most people are surprised by, and it makes the scale of what was built for it more striking rather than less: stations, stock, riders and a route across the Great Basin, all of it assembled and abandoned inside two years.

The monument in town is a four minute stop with a good story attached. The byway west is a genuine full day and one of the better historic drives in northern Utah, and it wants a vehicle with clearance, a full tank, plenty of water and daylight. The honest split is that the in town marker is context rather than a destination, and the drive is a destination that happens to start fifteen minutes from a residential street. Camp Floyd, seven miles down the highway, is the third piece of the same story.